The Allure of Ayurveda

The definite roots of the ancient art of Ayurveda are hidden in obscurity, but it certainly originated in the Indian subcontinent, perhaps even in the Himalayan region, where rishis (sages) were known to have lived for many years meditating. At the same time, they also spent time seeking cures to the ills of humanity. The unique aspect of their quest lay in the fact that they searched for a holistic way of treatment, since they believed that for an individual to be fully healed, all three aspects of the individual had to be taken into account, that is, physical, physical, mental, and spiritual. 

Ayurveda has deep roots in Nepal, and is a part of the country’s culture. One can notice quite a few Ayurveda healing centers all over Kathmandu, and with the advent of more widespread media outlets and budding new entrepreneurs, Ayurveda is surely making a strong comeback today. Add to this the fact that the worldwide trend now is geared towards disseminating the Eastern way of life, including things like Yoga. Tao, Zen, and martial arts, to a global audience that seems to be searching for alternatives to long established aspects of the Western way of doing things in matters regarding, especially, holistic health and wellbeing. 

Ayurveda, too, is making great inroads into more Western nations; however, it being a method of healing, its journey could take longer, keeping in mind their stringent laws regarding all things to do with medicine. Thus, the added attraction of Ayurveda for tourists coming to the Indian subcontinent, including Nepal. Thus, the popularity of the capital’s many spas that use the methods of Ayurveda in their treatments, including massages, to provide a sense of glowing good health and wellbeing to their clients. Moreover, numerous healing centers run by well-qualified Ayurveda doctors abound throughout the valley, offering various types of Ayurveda treatments for many kinds of ailments.  

Besides its attraction, for many, as an esoteric art, the Ayurveda mode of treatment is also valued due to its use of natural products in its therapies, thus doing away with the danger of side effects that may be a risk when using modern allopathic medicine. Nepal has a large number of medicinal plants, many of them endemic to the country, and this fact further adds to the allure of Ayurveda here. The ‘natural way of healing’ is a popular byline of many spas and Ayurveda centers, and it is indeed an attractive one, considering the vast increase in awareness among the general populace about health and wellbeing. 

Some experts describe Ayurveda as a ‘cultural life science’, in that the means and methods are passed down through generations of families practicing the art since ancient times. Of course, now Ayurveda is also taught in colleges, and there are many practitioners involved whose families may not have been in the business before. Ayurveda is also said to be a part of the lifestyle, in that many of its methods and products are a part of daily life. 

And, while Ayurveda products have always been popular, with some producers marketing their brand quite aggressively, one sees a new impetus in today’s times, with more new brands becoming household names. However, as said before, since Western laws may prevent many Ayurveda medicines from gaining a bigger market abroad, it would be a good idea to plan ahead and take out time to avail of the opportunity when traveling to Nepal to have a treatment done at one of the centers of natural health and wellbeing in and around Kathmandu Valley. Who knows, it may be the best part of your vacation! 

Kathmandu Valley's Era of Great Achievements

The period between A.D. 1200 and A.D. 1769, when Kathmandu Valley was under the long and prosperous reign of the Malla kings, was a golden period in the history of the valley, especially with regard to art, architecture, and culture. In A.D. 1482, the valley was divided by King Yaksha Malla’s sons into the three kingdoms of Kantipur (Kathmandu), Bhadgaon (Bhaktapur), and Lalitpur (Patan). It wasn’t a bad thing to happen, considering that successive kings of the three kingdoms would vie with one another to build the most beautiful temples and monuments in their respective domains. 

Thus, the Malla era succeeded in bestowing the valley with a unique and distinct identity, due to the artistic and architectural marvels created during the period. So prolific was their patronage, that UNESCO, in 1990, listed the entire Kathmandu Valley as a World Heritage Site, based primarily on seven groups of heritage monument zones, namely, Swoyambhunath Stupa, Boudhanath Stupa, Pashupatinath Temple, Changunarayan Temple, and the durbar squares of the three kingdoms. The Malla period also saw the initiation of many of the valley’s festivals, among which the chariot festivals of Indra Jatra and Machhendranath Jatra are especially spectacular.

Among the Malla kings of the era, a few were particularly successful in leaving an indelible mark in the valley’s art, architectural, and cultural history. Among these luminaries was the ninth king of Kantipur, Pratap Malla (r. 1641-1674), whose statue sits on top of a square stone pillar called Pratap Dhyaja in front of the famous Taleju Temple in Kathmandu Durbar Square that he built, along with the Hanuman Dhoka palace. 

Another of his celebrated creations is Ranipokhari (Queen’s Pond), the original Newari name of which is 'Nhu Pukhu' (New Pond). New, because at that time of its construction, the valley already had plenty of ornamental ponds. Nevertheless, Ranipokhari became by far the most beautiful of all the ponds. The king had it built in an effort to console his queen, Anantapriya, who was deeply bereaved by the death of Chakrawatendra, her youngest son. 

Located in the center of Kathmandu city, this remarkable pond is rectangular in shape. It and its premises occupy some three and a half hectares, and in the middle of the pond is the Balgopaleshwar Mahadev Temple. This temple’s uniqueness lies in the fact that it is open to the public once a year only, on the day of Bhai Tika (when sisters worship their brothers), the final day of the festival of lights, that is, Tihar. People with no siblings visit the temple on this day. Smaller temples of Ganesh, Bhairab, Narayan, and Saraswati are situated at the four corners of Ranipokhari. Also on the premises is a white marble statue portraying King Pratap Malla and his two sons on elephant back. 

King Pratap Malla is also credited with the famous Mahakali dance that is the highlight of Indra Jatra festival held in Kathmandu Durbar Square in September/October every year. Legend goes that one night he had a dream in which he saw the three goddesses, Mahakali, Mahalaxmi, and Kumari, battle demonic figures. So vivid was the dream that he wanted to have it recorded for posterity through a dance to be performed every year. This vigorous masked dance enacts the battle between the goddesses and the demons that the king saw in his dream. 

Indeed, King Pratap Malla’s contribution to the valley’s arts, architecture, and culture, has to be applauded. His reign, a peaceful and prosperous one, is widely regarded as the high point of the Malla dynasty. This king, who also fancied himself a poet, and carried the title of Kavindra (king of poets), is rightly renowned for building numerous temples and monuments throughout Kathmandu, and thus contributing significantly in giving the city its unique identity. 

Boisterous Festivals of Spring

With the waning of winter, arrives many enjoyable festivals. one will witness people of all ages and walks of life throwing color at each other, and friends and acquaintances, sometimes even strangers, exuberantly rubbing color powder on one another’s face. Many young men are likely to be high on the day from drinking ‘bhang’ and eating ‘bhang-ko-laddu’ (drink and sweet containing marijuana). Much ahead of the festival, government authorities put out notices through various media warning that unruly behavior will not be condoned on the day of Holi. Security will be high, since brawls often break out between groups of intoxicated revelers.

Till recently (not so much now), you could deduce that Holi was around the corner due to kids throwing small water-filled balloons (lolas) at passersby, particularly young girls, almost a week before the festival day. ‘Anything goes,’ seems to be the watchword of Holi, and in fact, the favorite cry on the day is in Hindi, “Bura na mano, Holi hai!” especially in the Terai, where Holi is celebrated one day after the one in the hills. The phrase means, “Don’t mind, it’s after all Holi!” In other words, it is a festival that permits you to let out steam, within limits, of course.

The story of a female demon “Holika”

Here is the story behind the festival of colors: It is to celebrate the death of a female demon named Holika, who had been ordered by her brother Hiranyakashyapu to kill his son Prahalad. Hiranyakashyapu, through severe meditation, had won the gods’ blessings that he couldn’t be killed by anybody on earth, water, or sky, using whatsoever means, and thus he considered himself to be immortal, above all beings.

So, when he discovers his son worshipping Lord Vishnu, he gets enraged.  He orders his sister Holika, who herself has won a blessing to be immune from fire, to grasp Prahalad and jump into an inferno. However, somehow or the other, it is Holika who gets immolated, while the boy remains unharmed. There’s another reason for Holi. It is to celebrate Lord Rama’s return to Ayodhaya after his epic victory over the 10-headed King Ravana of Ceylon, who had abducted his wife Sita, thus starting a war.

Raising ceremonial bamboo

The beginning of the festival, in Kathmandu, is marked by raising the Chir pole (a ceremonial bamboo pole having cloth strips of various colors) at Kathmandu Durbar Square. The story behind this is pretty interesting. Lord Krishna, in his heydays, had a flock of adoring women always around him. They were known as Gopinis (Krishna is also known as Gopi). One day, while the women are taking a bath in a river, he steals their clothes and hangs them on a tree. Well, the chirs (cloth strips) represent the Gopinis’ clothes. The naughty Krishna then declares that he won’t be returning the clothes until they remain submerged for some time, offering prayers to the Sun god.

Oil wicks on a cow dung base are kept lighted at the bottom of the Chir, and ceremonial threads tied around it. The setting up of the Chir heralds the start of the Holi festival. In the same way, its lowering announces the end of Holi. Once lowered, the waiting crowd rushes forward to grab the cloth strips, which are regarded as lucky charms. The Chir pole is then dragged to Tundikhel and burnt. Women throw coconut shells into the bonfire, and people collect the glowing coals and ash, which will be used for purifying their homes. In the Terai, Holi is celebrated as boisterously as in the hills, and in many areas, more so. People invite friends to their homes to enjoy special delicacies. All said and done, Holi is the most colorful festival of all festivals in Nepal, and a time when old grievances are forgotten and forgiven.

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Discover the Real Kathmandu in Ason Bazaar

How many times have you crossed Ranipokhari (Queen’s Pond) in central Kathmandu without giving much of a thought to the historical landmarks abounding all over the area? If you are a tourist, chances are that you have set residence in or around Thamel, the tourist hub of the capital, and so you must have passed by Ranipokhari many times on your way to Thamel. 

In fact, if you are a savvy tourist, you should enquire about the short cut through Ason Bazaar, a stone’s throw away from Ranipokhari. The ancient bazaar has a myriad of alleyways leading to the tourist center, and I promise you, strolling through these alleys is bound to give you a keener insight to the local lifestyle, besides making you aware of the boundless number of products, a good part of them being foodstuff, that are sold in the numerous shops of the bazaar. It is also a fact that, although the capital has become such an expansive city, there are still quite a few things that are to be found only in the shops here, especially ritual items used in many religious and celebratory occasions. 

Ason is where six different streets (Bhotahiti, Kamalachi, Nhai: katwa, Teuda, Balkumari, and Makhan: Galli) converge on a spacious square full of little shops selling everything imaginable. Take it from me, Ason Bazaar is heady stuff, what with the swarms of pedestrians, the pleasant smell of all kinds of vegetables, fruits, meat, and other food, as well as the constant chatter of bargaining throughout the day, and the pealing sound of bells ringing in temples, big and small, all over the place. Fittingly, the major shrine of the bazaar is the Annapurna Temple (Asonmaru Ajima), dedicated to the goddess of plenty. 

‘Ason’ is a derivative of the word ansaa, which literally means ‘just there’ in Newari. There’s a funny story about how the name was given to the bazaar. Myth has it that a fish fell out of the sky during a heavy rainfall, and soon, all over the city, people were talking about “fish falling out of the sky”. People began asking each other, “Where did it fall, where did it fall?” The usual reply was a succinct, “Ansaa”. In other words, “Just there.” There’s said to be a stone shrine in the bazaar built to mark the place where the fish landed.

At most times of the day and evening, Ason Bazaar and its many streets are full of people, some who have come here to buy necessities, some using the convenience of its inter-connecting streets and alleys, and avoiding the traffic-heavy main streets, to get somewhere sooner, and some just walking to their homes in and around this great bazaar. If you go in the early morning, the scenario is quite different, however. You’ll find vegetable sellers who’ve already set up their shops around the square, their produce fresh from the fields, The cauliflowers large, white, and wholesome; the beans, red and green, looking lusciously nutritious; the potatoes, newly dug out from the ground; and the large bunches of dark green spinach of many varieties beckoning one and all with promises of well-being and good health. The meat shops also open early, and are well attended by many eager beavers looking for freshly butchered meat. By morning, Ason is a vegetable and meat market, but as the day goes on, the little shops all around begin to open their doors, and shopkeepers start displaying their wares outside, near their doors. Soon, the entire area is a vibrant and crowded Nepali bazaar. 

A bazaar where you’ll find everything from spices, condiments, Khokana-ko-tel (renowned mustard oil of Khokana village), and ghyao- chaku (clarified butter and molasses), to vegetables, fruits, and flowers; buff, mutton, pork, and chicken, to fish and eggs; milkshake and ice cream, to thwon (local beer) and ai:la (homemade liquor); traditional sweetmeats, egg pancakes, and samosas to piping hot tea, chilled cold lassi, and delicious juju dhau (famous Bhaktapur curd); freshly baked puffs and pastries, to chocolate, cup, and fruit cakes; kurta salwars, sarees, and readymade garments, to rolled swathes of many kinds of fabric; gaudy rubber slippers and shiny leather shoes, to imitations of branded sportswear; sparkling glass bangles, colorful pote ( glass beads) necklaces, and dangling earrings, to glittering gold and silver jewelry; solid-looking aluminum, copper, and brass ware, to colorful plastic utensils; etc. etc. 

In other words, you’ll get whatever it is you’re looking for, that’s for sure. This might make you assume that Ason Bazaar is simply a bazaar teeming with goods, but actually, it’s more than that. It is the historical, cultural, and commercial center of Kathmandu Valley. This is where you get to experience the real Kathmandu. So, make a beeline for the bazaar that’s ‘just there’!

The Pokhara Dhampus Trek

Now that you are in Nepal, of course you’ll be visiting the lovely city of the lakes, Pokhara, to spend some idyllic days there. Having got a feel of the place, it’s a safe bet that you’ll end up wishing you could actually stay for a longer time, so serene are the surroundings, and so healthful is the environment. Know also that there are quite a few scenic treks from here that are, for the most part, of quite short duration.

One such trek is the one to the beautiful Gurung village of Dhampus that’s around 26 km from Pokhara. A most charming place, it is a gateway to the Annapurna Conservation Area, and on the route of the famous Annapurna Base Camp (ABC) trek, the most popular trek in Nepal, second only to the renowned ‘must-do-in-a-lifetime’ Everest Base Camp trek. 

The trek’s starting point is the village of Phedi, which is a 15-minute drive from Pokhara. The trek as a whole is a moderate one, and suitable for most folks. However, initially, as you start off from Phedi, the trail goes uphill quite steeply for about ten minutes, then it meanders out of the woods, and you find yourself hiking on a narrow path. Gradually, you come to a small village called Chandrakot that’s surrounded by millet fields and rhododendron groves. Since the trek is of short duration, no need to hurry. Walk on at a leisurely place, and take a breather whenever you feel like it beneath the welcoming shade of one tree or the other. 

You’ll come across teashops on the way, where you can get light refreshments. The cool and soothing buttermilk is a good recommendation, as are the succulent guavas. If you are trekking in November-December, you will certainly meet many groups out on a picnic in the area. Adds to the cheerful ambience of your experience trekking on such a naturally beautiful locale.

By and by, in about three hours or so, you’ll arrive at Dhampus. It’s considered to be a vantage point from where to view the interesting range of Himalayan peaks on the horizon. These include Tukuche (6,920 m) and Dhaulagiri (8,167 m), the two closest peaks from here. The sight of the magnificent Annapurna range and the massive Macchapucchre (6,900 m) is sure to dazzle your eyes, as well. It’s not just these regal peaks that captivate your eyes, the spectacular view of the Pokhara valley below is just as wonderful. 

Dhampus is inhabited mostly by people of the Gurung community. One of the village’s highlights is a lake that offers an excellent reflection of a picture perfect setting of Macchapucchre Himal, popularly known as Fishtail Mountain. Some distance from the village center is a lovely lodge called Tsukinoie, designed in such a way as to provide guests with panoramic views of peaks like Annapurna, Macchapucchre, and Hiunculi from every window, as well as from the terrace. 

The lodge is small, with only five rooms, but very well facilitated, offering great food and service, besides comfortable accommodation. It’s a Japanese-style lodge, and you get to soak in an interesting Japanese soaking tub that’s quite heavy, called a ‘goemonburo’. Nothing better to relax in, that’s for sure! 

About ten minutes away from the lodge is a view tower that’s worth the steep climb to the top, for the view all around is pretty mesmerizing, with Annapurna South, Annapurna II and IV, Macchapucchre, and Hiunchuli all towering majestically in the distance. The sunrise is bewitching, as you can imagine, so get up before dawn breaks, and make it to the view tower while the stars are still twinkling in the sky. Sunrise is generally around 6-6:30 a.m., with the sun first casting its rays over Macchapucchre, followed by Hiunchuli and the rest. The horizon becomes fiery red for some moments. A most inspiring sight!

There’s another interesting place you could hike to that’s about one hour’s walk from the lodge. It’s called the Australian Camp, a name derived from the fact that sometime in the past (about forty years ago) a group of Aussies had camped there. Simple. Its original name is Thulo Kharka. This hike takes you on a flat trail for some time, before going uphill, going through a forest. From the Camp, the Annapurna range appears to be a bit closer, and you also get to see Manaslu and Peak 29. 

All in all, the Pokhara Dhampus trek is ideal for those on a short visit, as also for the less-than-perfectly-fit folks, unlike the more strenuous ones that require loads of stamina and tons of endurance. 

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The Many Abodes of Lord Shiva

Come February 24 this coming year, Pashupatinath Temple in Kathmandu will be crowded with throngs of devotees lining up in long queues to pay homage to the Lord of Creation and Destruction, Shiva, on the occasion of Maha Shivaratri, one of the biggest festivals in Nepal. Shiva, ‘The Auspicious One’ who goes by more than one thousand names, Pashupatinath (Lord of the Animals) being one such name. He is also known as Omkara (creator of ‘Om’ the sacred Hindu chant), Trilokpati (supreme ruler of the three realms), and Mahadev (greatest among the gods).

Pashupatinath Temple is a World Heritage Site monument zone, and exemplary of the pagoda style temples in the country. The complex, located on the banks of the holy Bagmati River, has numerous smaller temples as well as the cremation ghats, where all Hindus wish to have their last rites done. The main temple has silver-embossed doors, two gilded roofs, and a magnificent gold-plated bull facing the main entrance. The bull, Nandi, is the vehicle of Lord Shiva. Although it is believed that a temple stood at the site as far back as the 5th century, the present day temple dates to A.D. 1653. 

Shiva is worshipped in his aniconic form of the Lingam (a phallic symbol representing divine generative energy), and inside the temple is six-foot-tall lingam with four faces. Besides Maha Shivaratri (the night of Shiva), Pashupatinath Temple is the focal point of religious occasions such as Teej, Sankranti, Ekadasi, Rakshabandhan, etc. Maha Shivartri is obviously the biggest occasion, and during this time, one will find a large contingent of ash-covered and dreadlocked sadhus who congregate from within and outside the country, especially India, to celebrate the night dedicated to the veneration of their lord, Shiva. 

Similar will be the scenario, of course on a smaller scale, in the many Shiva temples throughout the land, of which there are some that are more famous than the others. One is Haleshi Mahadev in Khotang of eastern Nepal, which is popular as the Pashupatinath of the east. It is located within a cave in which Shiva is said to have hidden once during a battle with the demon Bhasmashur. 

Nearer the capital, in Sipadol of Bhaktapur, is Doleshwor Mahadev, the deity of which is believed to be the head of the divine bull, a subterfuge Shiva had taken recourse to, to avoid the Pandavas who had come to him to seek his forgiveness for the large number of killings during the epic Kurukshetra War (as described in the Mahabharata). The Pandavas, on recognizing the bull as Shiva, had tried to stop him by pulling his tail, upon which the head had been severed, and lost for the next 4,000 years.  

Further up in Panauti, some 32 km from Kathmandu, is located one of the tallest and largest of Nepal’s pagoda temples, the Indreshwor Mahadev Temple, dedicated to Shiva. It is situated in a large brick paved courtyard that also has some other temples. In addition to its magnificent three-story roof, the temple has fine woodcraft on its doors, windows, doors, and struts. The lingum inside the temple is said to have been created by the Lord himself. 

Similarly, in Kirtipur, is another splendid shrine of Shiva called the Uma Maheshwor Temple. It is dedicated to both Shiva and his wife Parvati, and is also called Bhawani Shanker Temple. Two massive stone elephants with spiked backs stand guard on two sides of the stairway leading up to the three-roofed 17th century temple.

About 10 km from Kathmandu city center is a newly formed municipality called Gokarneswor, wherein is located the Gokarna Mahadev Temple, said to have been built in the 16th century. The temple has a beautiful golden torana above the main doorway, with Uma-Maheswor as the central figure. A large number of pilgrims make their way to the temple in late August or early September on the occasion of Gokarna Aunsi to honor their fathers, either deceased or living. 

Up on Chandragiri Hill (2,251 m), some kilometers from Thankot of Kathmandu, is located the Bhaleshwor Mahadev Temple. Behind its founding, as is the case with many other temples, lies an interesting piece of mythology. Shiva’s favorite consort, Sati Devi, commits suicide by jumping into the sacred ritual fire of the yagna being conducted by her father, because he insults Shiva in the presence of those present, which includes many kings and princes. Shiva, in his wrath, embarks on a journey of destruction, carrying Sati’s corpse on his back. Where parts of her corpse falls, become venerated as ‘shakti-piths’ (power centers), and the place where her forehead falls, Chandragiri Hill, the Bhaleswor Temple is built. 

One of the most recent additions to Shiva centers is the Kailashnath Mahadev statue at Sanga, some 20 km from the capital. This is no ordinary statue, being 144 ft in height, making it among the tallest statues in the world, and probably the tallest Shiva statue anywhere. Finished in 2014, it’s quite a tourist attraction today. 

Souvenirs from Nepal

The Federation of Handicraft Associations of Nepal (FHAN) held the 14th Handicraft Trade Fair from November 25-29, 2016, along with the 12th Craft Competition. It is an annual event to promote Nepali art and craft. As expected, there was enthusiastic participation from many artists, craftspeople, and institutions and organizations involved in the sector. The variety and diversity of Nepali handicraft on display was a sight for sore eyes, with craftwork ranging from metal, wood, and stone craft to textile, pashmina, and wool products, and many others like felt, lokta, , nettle, and leather items in-between. 

No one can deny that Nepal is rich in its wealth of handicrafts. While the majority of fine artwork and craftsmanship come from the Newar craftspeople of the capital, Kathmandu, a significant number of craftwork also come from other ethnic communities around the country. For example, ceramics from Bhaktapur, Mithila paintings from Janakpur, metal items from the eastern hills, especially Bhojpur, which is famous for its khukuris, the famed weapon of the legendary Gurkhas, Dhaka textile from Palpa, woven baskets ofkaas and moonj (two types of grass) from Chitwan, lokta paper from the hilly regions, and so on. 

Some big organizations based in the capital, such as Association of Craft Producers of Nepal (ACP), with its famous outlets called Dhukuti; Mahaguthi, Craft with Conscience; and Sana Hastakala, are at the forefront in supporting handicraft producers throughout the country, by providing training and developing both domestic and international markets for their creations. By doing so, these establishments claim rightly to be active in uplifting deprived and marginalized communities, and much of their focus is on encouraging women’s economic development. Additionally, they contribute a part of their earnings to social welfare work. All three have their primary showrooms in Kupondole of Lalitpur, and as expected, Christmas, the season for giving gifts, is their most busy time, when you can expect to find a great variety of new creations.

Of course, there are numerous other handicraft outlets all over Kathmandu, this being no surprise, as fitting souvenirs for the folks back home, and for that spot on the mantelpiece, or in the glass fronted cabinet, is what is on top of every tourist’s mind when the time to leave Nepal nears. And, because Nepali handicrafts are not only about variety, but also about the extremely high quality of craftsmanship combined with exoticism, souvenirs from Nepal are prized by all. The tourist hub, Thamel, probably has the most density of handicraft shops, some of which call themselves curio shops because of the intriguing nature of many of their products. For instance, paraphernalia worn and used by shamans, traditional milk pails used in the hills, numerous ethnic musical instruments, etc.

However, other areas like Durbar Marg, Lazimpat, Ason Bazaar, and so on also have quite a few fine souvenir shops. But, it must be said that the center of handicrafts is still the ‘City of the Arts’ that is, Patan, or Lalitpur, where Pulchowk, with its many leading handicraft outlets, is situated. The alleys of Patan are must-visit places for anyone looking for some genuinely artistic souvenirs. In fact, a bit of research beforehand will save you considerable time, and increase your chances to find something that will really satisfy your desire. This is because the city has specific sites specializing in certain types of handicraft work, and this is a natural result of most handicraft work being family affairs, with skills handed down through the generations. Some localities are such that all its inhabitants are likely to be involved in some craftwork or the other! The Patan Industrial Estate in Lagankhel is also where you’ll find plenty of good souvenirs, since most of the establishments there are handicraft producers. 

So, knowing all this, have a rewarding souvenir hunt, and don’t be miserly, either in your efforts or in your large heartedness, because you can rest assured that Nepal’s exquisite handicrafts are such as to bring great joy to anyone.  

Pedaling around Kathmandu Valley 2017

Kathmandu Valley has the kind of terrain that makes cycling around the outskirts a healthy pastime. Not many insurmountable climbs, not too many steep downhills either, but there’s a lot of ups and downs, which means heart-healthy exercise that builds a hearty appetite, and brings the color back to those cheeks made pallid by long sedentary hours in cubicles with a laptop in front. Yeah, that’s the general lifestyle of today’s city folks. But, now that you are in Kathmandu, make the most of your time building stamina and strength while seeing and experiencing a lot more than the usual tourist does.

Pedal your way around the valley on a sturdy cycle that you can easily hire for a couple of days from quite a few rentals around the city. Won’t cost you much, and by all accounts, those two-wheelers are pretty well maintained. Now, if you are convinced about what I am saying, then let’s see where you can pedal to around the valley. Here are some suggestions.

If you are the sort who wants to go full blast, and are fit enough, then the Kathmandu Valley round trip shout fit the bill perfectly. The route begins from Kakani, goes through Chisapani, then enters Nagarkot, and carries on to Dhulikhel, from where you cycle on to Namo Buddha, and finally reach Lakhure Bhanjyang. Wow! That’s quite a ride, but like said before, it’s perfect for those adventurous folks with confidence oozing out of their ears, and a body that’s in pretty good shape. 

It’s a challenging ride, too, with some good climbs, and covering quite some distance. But, just imagine, you’ll be visiting places good enough to be on picture postcards. This trip should take around three to four days, with stops in, maybe, the lovely resorts of Nagarkot and Dhulikhel, if you time it right. Both have gorgeous sunrises and sunsets, and panoramic views of the majestic Himalayan peaks. Of course, you could also opt to camp wherever your heart desires, in which case you will have to have a tent and sleeping bag with you. But, it’s bound to be a great experience. 

For those with less time on their hands, but still in good physical shape, overnight trips would be ideal. One route starts from Patan Durbar Square, goes through Dhobighat, then Chobar, Taudaha, Chalnakhel village, and Shree Narayan Pharping, before coming to an end in Dakshinkali Temple. This route is not that difficult, and it will take your through some lovely countryside around the valley.  

Another route starts from Koteshwor in Kathmandu, carries on along the Arniko Highway to the road going towards Changunarayan Temple, then to Chailing and Telkot, and ending in Nagarkot. This ride is harder because of longer distance, with a good deal of uphill rides, especially to Nagarkot. 

Similarly, another ‘hard’ route is the one ending in Kakani, a very scenic place, with beautiful views all around. You begin your ride from Kathmandu Durbar Square, pedal your way to Sorahakhutte, Balaju Chjowk, then Dharmasthali, and along the Trishuli Highway to first Kaulethan, then Kakani. 

The ride to Shivpuri is also considered to be quite challenging. It starts from Kathmandu Durbar Square, goes through Thamel, then Samakhusi, on to Baniyatar, Tokha, the Nepal Army camp of Shivpuri, and finally to Shivpuri hill, from where you get a gorgeous eyeful of the valley below and mountains above. This route goes through a forest, so that makes it all the more exciting.

Another route that’s as exciting is the one ending in Lakhure Bhanjyang. It begins in Patan Durbar Square, goes through Gwarko, Lubhu, and Lamatar Phedi, before reaching Thakuri Gaon Road, and on to Lakhure Bhanjyang, where there’s a view tower from where you get spectacular scenery all around, including the Himalayas. 

Now, we come to those with less time, and perhaps in less than tip-top physical shape. Let me hasten to say that there are quite a few options for them too, and good ones at that. Rides will be around two hours on average, but they will be hours well spent, that’s for sure! Just remember to start early so as to avoid traffic pollution. 

You can take the route starting from Kathmandu Durbar Square, on to Nayabazar, then Balaju and Mudkhu, and end at Tokha. Or, starting again from Kathmadu Durbar Square, ride to Lazimpat, Golfutar, Chapali, then Budanilkantha and Nangki Gumba, and finally, a place known as Helipad. You’ll be riding through the Shivpuri National Park, so plenty of greenery around. This ride is very popular with local cyclist enthusiasts.

Another two-hour ride is the one starting from Kathmandu Durbar Square, going through Sitapaila and Ramkot, before reaching Bhim Dhunga. The scenery is awesome on this ride. Similar is the case with the route starting from Patan Durbar Square and ending at Chobar, passing through Ekantakuna, Nakhu, and Jal Binayak on the way.

One route takes you to a place called Khokana that’s famous for its mustard oil which is made using ancient traditional ways. It starts from Patan Durbar Square, goes to Ekanatakuna, Nakhu, and Bhainespati, before ending at Khokana. Similarly, the ride to the ancient Newar town of Kirtipur starts at Patan Durbar Square, goes over the Dhobighat suspension bridge, before reaching first, Chobar gate, and then, Kirtipur.

It goes without saying that all the above-mentioned rides allow you to explore the valley in a very leisurely fashion, interacting with locals on the way, and stopping wherever you fancy. All of which goes towards a better understanding of the local communities and their culture and lifestyle.
 

Spiritual Journey to Nepal

A short distance from Balaju Bypass in Kathmandu is Nagarjun Forest, where there’s an international commune and forest retreat center called Osho Tapoban. It is run under the saintly auspices of Acharya Bodhisatva Swami Anand Arun, a leading disciple of the late Osho Rajneesh, spiritual leader of millions around the world. Acharya Arun is only one of twenty-one Acharyas appointed by Osho himself. A dedicated disciple who is determined to carry on the legacy of the ‘Bhagwan’, whose discourses and books never fail to inspire and awe due to the vast depth of wisdom and insight contained therein. 

‘Swami’ implies that one has mastery over the self, ‘Bodhistava’ means that one is now free from the rigors of rebirth, and an ‘Acharya’ is one who is authorized to initiate new disciples, besides being able to give discourses and conduct meditation camps. In addition to other retreats, Acharya Bodhisatva Swami Anand Arun has initiated thousands of neo-sanyasins at Osho Tapoban, where he gives regular discourses and periodic meditation sessions. Osho Tapoban, spread on about one hundred ropanies of forest land, is a fitting place to seek spirituality and wisdom, replete as it is with dense foliage, age-old trees, and a waterfall and a spring. Spartan but comfortable accommodations for one hundred guests at a time, clean and hygienic vegetarian food, et al. ensure comfort and convenience for guests and visitors. The Acharya himself lives in a cottage named ‘Siddhartha’ on the premises, one of many similar cottages.

A variety of meditations, samadhi darshan, Osho audio/visual discourses, and evening satsangs are regular activities in the retreat. Saturdays are when hundreds of sanyasins gather to conduct what the Acharya calls ‘Celebrations’. On an average, one will find about 500 to 700 sanyasins on this day at Tapoban, among whom will probably be many accomplished individuals from different professions. Other special celebrations are held on some auspicious days of the year, such as December 11 (Osho’s birthday), January 19 (Mahaparinirvan Diwas), March 21 (Enlightenment and Tapoban Foundation Day), and full moon of July (Guru Purnima).

Tapoban is a non-alcoholic, smoke-free, vegetarian zone, and actually there’s no need for artificial stimulants in this place, where more than enough of a high is possible through meditation. Osho Tapoban is but one of quite a few such centers where spiritual pursuit is the norm. The numerous monasteries in Kathmandu Valley, and around the country, are without doubt, centers where a spiritual awakening is very much possible. Then, there are the many centers that provide knowledge and practice of different types of yoga, where the effort is to unite the body, mind, and spirit into one pulsating entity. 

Indeed, Nepal can rightfully claim to be an excellent destination for seekers of spirituality and wisdom. And, seeing as to how a significant percentage of tourists can be considered to be ‘spiritual tourists’, and how the promise of spiritual awakening can make them stay for a longer period than the usual tourist’s itinerary, it’s just as rewarding for the country’s struggling tourism sector. 

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The Guerilla Trek

The only constant, it is said, is change. In the last few years, Nepal, too, has undergone great change. A 250-year-old monarchy is no more. An army of Maoist insurgents who were at war for ten long years has made peace and won elections, and their leader has become the prime minister twice, including in the present time. One cannot predict the future, more drastic changes may occur, but it is unlikely that the Maoists will ever again go back to the jungle. 

This fact makes the ‘Guerilla Trek’ all the more an adventure. You’ll be walking on trails used by the Maoist guerillas not long back when they were conducting an insurgent struggle against the government. This trek will also give an idea of why the communist ideology still works here, even if it the dawn of democracy had occurred a long time back. When on the ‘Guerilla Trek’, you’ll be walking through many villages and towns of far-western Nepal, an area that has been neglected for far too long in the development aspects. An area where infrastructure is woefully inadequate, and people are very poor for the most part. An area where the lure of communism still holds strong.

You will come across many indigenous tribes that have been downtrodden and poor for ages.  The trail goes through the remote districts of Myagdi, Rukum, and Rolpa, centers of the Maoist ten-year insurgency (1996-2006), where their sway was firm during that decade. This history of not so long ago makes this region interesting, and a source of knowledge for the curious. It is not that the far-west is devoid of natural resources. It has plenty of lakes, rivers, waterfalls, forests, caves, etc. But, as said before, due to negligence, the region is steeped in poverty and backwardness. 

The starting point of the ‘Guerilla Trek’ begins in a small town called Beni, and travels along the boundary of another mountain town, Baglung. It then passes the Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve, one of the country’s three hunting reserves, which was in the news recently for having a dismal hunting season this past year, with barely half a dozen game being killed, thus incurring significant loss of royalty for the reserve. 

The trek then takes you to Rukum and Rolpa, the strongholds of the Maoists during the insurgency, with the latter being their headquarters. While trekking on these trails, spend some time at teashops, and try to engage the locals in conversation. You might hear some pretty interesting stories; now that the Maoists have come into the national fold, people will not be afraid to relate what they have seen and experienced in the recent past. Be aware that if you were here during those days, you would have been viewed with strong suspicion, and people would certainly have avoided all loose talk. Tight-lipped was the name of the game then, let me assure you!

Here’s what a two-week-long ‘Guerilla Trek’ entails, as planned for by trekking agencies:

On day one, you’ll travel by bus from the capital to Beni, a ride of about nine hours. Day two will see you trekking some six hours to the village of Takam (1,665 m). Day three takes you to Lamsung (2,250 m), about six hours again. The next day, you walk through scenic landscape for seven hours or so to reach Gurjaghat (3,020 m). Remember that, in some places, you’ll be staying at homestays, while in some places, you may have to pitch up your tent. The homestays are an excellent opportunity to get up close with the local lifestyle. 

On the fifth day, you walk for about five hours, before arriving at the famous Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve (2,860 m). Keep an eye out for the mountain goats and the bharials (blue sheep), as well as a variety of deer. If you are a birdwatcher, you’ll not be disappointed, either. Plenty of exotic birds around. The following morning, rise and shine, before starting the five-hour trek to Nisi Dhor, and then the next day, the seven-hour trek to Tallo Sera. All the while, you’ll be encountering the fascinating ecology all around you, and meeting different indigenous communities. The Himalayas, too, will not be far from you, with peaks like Gurjal Himal and the Dahualagiri range always in the backdrop.

The trails you are walking on were used extensively by the Maoist guerillas during their ten-year war, and this knowledge is sure to add some more excitement to your adventure. The eighth day sees you walking for about six hours from Tall Sera to Rujhikhola, and the ninth day you’ll again walk for a similar amount of time to reach Thabang. Now, you are really into deep Maoist territory. Just imagine, if you had been here during the insurgency, you would be coming across numerous heavily armed military personnel at checkpoints, and they would probably have stopped you from going any further. Too dangerous. Anyway, this is just imagination, in the first place, no one would have been foolhardy enough to go on such a trek.

Day ten, and now you will be walking for another five hours to one of the best known names of the insurgency, that is, Jaljale. In fact, rumor had it that ‘Jaljale’ was a secret password used by the Maoists during those years. Just mentioning that name in public anywhere in the country would have got you into trouble with the authorities. The next day’s trek is to the village of Jelbang, while day twelve takes you to Suliochaur, from where you take a thirteen-hour bus ride back to Kathmandu. Well, congratulate yourself on having been the few lucky ones to have experienced the famous ‘Guerilla Trek’!

Nepal in the Limelight

Nepal is definitely in the limelight today. Just this morning (Dec 2, 2016), BBC aired a trailer on an upcoming three-part series on the Living Goddesses of Kathmandu to be shown on its Our World program. It promises to be an intriguing series, particularly to foreigners, embellished as it is with eye-pleasing details displaying the vibrant culture of Nepal, a culture going back centuries.

The tradition of the Living Goddess Kumari is unique to this Himalayan nation, and one that is sure to enchant a worldwide audience. Additionally, the series will be following the Kumaris as they grow out of puberty, thereby relinquishing their divine position, and getting back to ordinary everyday lives. All in all, it should be interesting to Nepalis, too, in addition to those from other lands.

Surprisingly, this morning itself, CNN’s popular late-night show, Jimmy Kimmel Live, had Benedict Cumberbatch as its guest. This program was recorded before the release of his latest movie, Dr. Strange, some parts of which were shot in Nepal. To Jimmy’s query about Nepal, the actor replied that he found it to be a beautiful country, and revealed that his visit during the shooting was the second time he had gone to Nepal. 

Talking about his first visit, he said that he and three friends had gone trekking in the Himalayas without a guide. Came a point when two of his friends had to scamper back downhill because of altitude sickness, and soon after that, it was his turn to be similarly afflicted. However, on the way back, he and his one remaining friend lost their way, and spent a day-and-a-half wandering around the mountains, cold, weary, and hungry. Fortunately, they came across a Nepali shepherd in a pasture, who fed them a meal of greens and hard boiled eggs and showed them the right way back. 

Now that the film has been released, becoming a big hit as well, all those who have seen it have rave reviews about how beautifully it has portrayed Nepal, especially the world heritage site monuments, Pashupatinath Temple and Patan Durbar Square. Apparently, the shooting had been completed before the devastating earthquake in April 2016, and so the portrayal of these sites was all the more splendid.

In addition to the above, Nepal is also in the limelight today due to it being featured among the top five tourist destinations for 2017 by Lonely Planet, the definitive authority on all matters to do with tourism around the world.  Here’s how they introduce Nepal as one of the top 5 destination for 2017: “Even natural disasters can’t keep Nepal down for long. The 2015 earthquakes caused devastation, but what is most striking from a traveller’s perspective is not how much was lost but how much remains. Landmark temples crumbled, but others came through with just the odd tile out of place, and whole swathes of the country escaped serious damage, including most of the popular trekking trails. Nepal has all the skills required to repair monuments and infrastructure, but what it does need is income. By visiting Nepal now and supporting local culture and people, you could help a nation rebuild and bounce back even stronger.” So nice of Lonely Planet. Nepal indeed has a lot of well-wishers globally.

The Rich Culture of Panauti

Panauti is one of three municipalities of Kavrepalanchok district in the central region of Nepal, the other two being Banepa and Dhulikhel. Situated about 32 km south-east of Kathmandu, at the junction of the confluence of the Roshi and Punyamati Rivers, and believed to be located on a single rock, this historical Newar town is one of the oldest settlements in Kathmandu Valley.  You will find plenty of pagoda-type and other religious shrines all over the town, with most of the monuments, temples, and sattals (community shelters) being made of terracotta.

The temples, with their gilded roofs, carved wooden pillars, elaborate carvings, and wide courtyards impart an Eastern mysticism. The remains of the old durbar square can still be seen in the center of the town. Once described as a town having more temples than houses, and more deities than inhabitants, this medieval town can proudly claim to be the fourth most important site in Nepal, after the three ancient cities of Kathmandu, Patan, and Bhaktapur. 

The merging of six neighboring villages—Panauti, Malpi, Taukhal, Subbagaun, Sunthan, and Khopasi—in 1997 resulted in the Panauti municipality of today, which occupies an area of 33,78 sq km, and has a population of around 30,000 speaking three different dialects. The Newars, of course, dominate, and the town is thus rich in Newar culture, including numerous festivals, many of which are similar to those celebrated in Kathmandu, while a few are unique to the town itself. 

Panauti also offers a spectacular panorama of the Himalayas when viewed from Gorakhnath Hill, a 15-minute walk uphill to the northeast of the town. From here, one also gets an wonderful overall view of the small fish-shaped town, which from east to west is less than one kilometer in length, and about half that from nortrh to south at the widest part. The town is surrounded by the two rivers, Roshi and Punyamati, running from west to east, and converging at the eastern end of the town, where the famous Triveni Ghat is situated.

According to legend, Panauti was founded in A.D. 1082. A scripture with golden script dated A.D. 1385, located within the Indreshwor Temple, states that King Hari Singh Dev (of the erstwhile Mithila kingdom) founded the town after fleeing from Simrangadh in the terai. During the Malla period, Panauti was a protectorate of King Ananta Malla (A.D. 1274-1307). Later, King Bhupitendra Malla, the king of Bhaktapur, is said to have given Panauti as adowry to his sister. In A.D. 1763, Panauti was annexed to greater Nepal by King Prithvi Narayan Shah..

Panauti has several unique features to its credit, such as the traditional Newari confection called ‘yo:mari’ made for a mixture of treacle and sesame seeds wrapped in stupa-shaped rice dough, which is said to have originated here. As mentioned before, the town is believed to be situated on a single massive rock, because of which the town has never been affected severely by earthquakes. Panauti is also the birthplace of King Ansuverma, an illustrious king of the Licchhavi period, and one of the greatest patrons of art and culture in the country’s history. Its ancient history and the presence of numerous Buddhist and Hindu shrines, testifying to the richness of its culture, makes Panauti one of the valley’s most important medieval sites. 

While most festivals celebrated here are the same as in Kathmandu, there are some that are celebrated with special gusto in Panauti. Jya Punhi, which is celebrated in May-June, and known also as Panauti Jatra, is a chariot festival held at the end of the monsoon season every year, when statues of different deities from the temples are taken around the city in wooden chariots, beginning and ending in the old durbar square. 

The month-long Makar Mela is held once every 12 years at the sacred confluence of three rivers, two actual (Roshi and Punyamati), and one imaginary (Lilawati, which is said to be visible only to a lucky few). This festival attracts tens of thousands of pilgrims, who come to take a holy bath that will cleanse them of past sins. 

Yomari Punhi is celebrated in November-December on the full moon day after the rice harvest, with the worshipping of Annapurna, the goddess of grains. According to legend, once upon a time a married couple, Suchandra and Krita, first experimented with a fresh yield of rice from their field to make a new delicacy. They called it yo:mari (tasty bread). On this day, kids go house to house to ask for yo:mari from housewives. 

Navdurga Festival, celebrated in mid-April every year, involves mask dances performed by dancers from Bhaktapur over a period of three days. The Namobuddha Festival in September is held in Namobuddha, the sacred site where a prince once offered the flesh of his own body to a starving tigress and her cubs, the ultimate example of compassion and sacrifice. 

The two-day festival of Achhyaya Tritiya is held in May at the Triveni Ghat, when Newar girls between the ages of 7 to 13 undergo a coming-of-age ritual called Bel Bibah, during which they are symbolically married to the wood apple (bel). This signifies that they will never have to face the social rigors of being a widow in their lifetime even if their real husband dies before them, because they are still married to the ‘bel’, which actually represents some god.  

Sitinakha, held in June-July, is a festival in which members of Newar families gather once a year in the home of their birth to worship the family deity. Ghantakarna, or Gathe Mangal, held in July-August, heralds many important Newar festivals in the days ahead. People put iron rings on their fingers, and hammer iron nails into door lintels to drive away evil spirits, such as Gathe Mangal, one of the most evil. 

Gai Jatra, in August, is an eight-day-long festival in remembrance of dead relatives. Those who have had a death in the family within the past year bring a cow (real or an impersonation in a costume), and go around the city in a colorful parade. In October-November, on the day of Indra Jatra, Panauti inhabitants rejoice in the Devi Nach, a masked dance that is said to have originated in Panauti. Masked dancers representing different gods, goddesses, demons, and animals perform vigorous dances throughout the day. Other festivals like Dashain, Tihar, Holi, Shivaratri, etc. are also observed with great enthusiasm.